Lower commodities prices and regulations pressuring Indonesia’s coal industry
Though Indonesia was not a major coal exporter until well into the 1990s, the country’s coal producers have made up for lost time by rapidly boosting their shipments. Along the way, they have ascended to the top spot in the seaborne coal hierarchy, surpassing Australia in 2011 and maintaining the lead position through boom and bust cycles. Rich in carbon deposits distributed across the country, the country’s coal mining industry has long been a dependable contributor supporting both its domestic mining and energy sectors. The inexpensive fuel is the most widely utilised power source for domestic electricity production and industrial demand, while prolific exploration and






