The government of Papua New Guinea has rolled out a new plan to support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) by improving access to finance and training. Unveiled in February 2016, the SME Policy and Master Plan 2016-30 sets out objectives to expand the economy and create employment outside of the main population and trade hubs. The package, slated to receive PGK200m ($68.3m) worth of funding per annum, aims to create 2m jobs. To achieve this, the number of SMEs is projected to increase 10-fold to 500,000, with local ownership of businesses targeted to rise from 10% to 70%. Fostering SME development should help mitigate the effect of the current downturn in commodity prices, which has squeezed government revenues and public spending.
SME Inclusion
SMEs already make a major contribution to national output, accounting for 200,000 jobs and an estimated 10% of GDP, though these figures are likely much higher if the informal sector is taken into account. In the longer term, the government aims to increase the sector’s share of GDP to 50%. Integrating SMEs into the economy is key to reducing PNG’s reliance on mining and energy, according to Richard Maru, minister of trade, commerce and industry. “We cannot continue to rely on the extractive industry…and that’s why we have created this master plan to guide the SMEs towards the national objectives that we aspire to achieve in the next 14 years,” he said at the plan’s launch.
Short On Funds
At present, SMEs face obstacles to financing, including a lack of collateral and guarantees, and are often perceived as high-risk by commercial lenders. Indeed, the level of attrition among small businesses remains high, with just 20% of SMEs in PNG surviving for five years or more, Peter O’Neill, the prime minister, said in 2015. As a result, SMEs count for a disproportionately small share of lending. For example, at Bank South Pacific (BSP), the largest bank in PNG, SMEs accounted for just 0.3% of the loan mix as of the end of 2015, compared to 20.2% for retail clients and 79.5% for corporate borrowers. According to local media reports, 94.4% of SMEs in PNG have never received a loan and just 2.5% had benefitted from direct government assistance.
Unlocking Lending
The government is floating proposals for how to open fiscal doors to SMEs by encouraging public and private financial institutions to roll out services across all provinces. Citing the example of Sri Lanka, Maru said banking legislation could be amended to mandate that banks dedicate a set level of capital to SME financing. “All financial institutions must collaborate with the government to help provide access to finance, training and development for local SMEs,” he told local media in February 2016. Under such a scheme, banks licensed to operate in PNG could be obligated to direct a set percentage of their loan books to key sectors in need of support, such as agriculture, fisheries and tourism, Maru added.
The government has earmarked more than PGK65m ($22.2m) for SME credit in 2016, in addition to funding laid out under the SME master plan. National Development Bank (NDB), meanwhile, has pledged to provide more affordable credit facilities to SMEs, as well as financial literacy training through a business incubation scheme. According to local media reports, however, a prior bid by the NDB to offer low-interest loans to SMEs was curtailed in 2015 by a lack of adequate government funding. As such, private sector involvement will likely be needed to achieve the SME targets. To that end, in February 2016 BSP announced it was backing government efforts to form public-private partnerships to provide access to finance and training, pledging PGK50,000 ($17,100) on top of the PGK37m ($12.6m) in SME loans offered in 2015. Robin Fleming, CEO of BSP, told media in February 2016 that the bank now has between PGK80m ($27.3m) and PGK100m ($34.1m) in outstanding SME investment.
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