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A More Agile System

The introduction of a flexible exchange rate in November 2016 was part of the loan agreement with the IMF. The international organisation had advocated for the move as a means of stabilising the economy and alleviating a shortage of US dollars – an acute concern for a country reliant on imports. While the depreciation initially brought higher inflation, the move facilitated foreign investment…

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Coordinated Reform Programme

Recent efforts to fortify and diversify the economy proved to be fortuitous given the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic, which had severe effects on economies around the world as hospitals reached capacity, business activity slowed, and movement restrictions were placed on people and goods. The reforms provided Egypt with a more secure economic base for resilience in the face of external shocks,…

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Pre-Covid-19 Overview

The Egyptian economy has steadily expanded in recent years on the back of extensive reforms aimed at correcting macroeconomic imbalances, attracting investment and reducing the fiscal deficit. Indeed, the country’s GDP grew by 5.6% in 2019, up from 5.3% in 2018 and 4.1% in 2017, according to the IMF. The rate of expansion in 2019 outpaced Egypt’s North African counterparts: the national GDPs of…

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Egypt ICT Covid-19 Recovery Roadmap

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